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多部门联合印发《生态保护“十五五”规划》_我的网站
A | 北京8月11日电（记者高敬）生态环境部、自然资源部等部门日前联合印发的《生态保护“十五五”规划》提出，到2030年，生态空间格局持续优化，生态质量稳步改善，生物多样性丧失趋势得到有效缓解，优质生态产品供给更加丰富，生态系统多样性稳定性持续性不断提升，生态保护与修复监管制度进一步完善，国家生态安全得到有效保障。
As the C919 climbs higher and flies farther beyond China's borders, the runway behind it gradually disappears. What comes into focus instead is a much broader journey - one in which China's advanced engineering capabilities are reaching new markets, new partners and new possibilities around the world.
Historic moment
Hours before takeoff, a passenger surnamed Zhang, who was completing check-in procedures at Beijing Capital International Airport, said with a smile that he had stumbled into a "historic moment" by chance.
"I didn't pay much attention when I booked the ticket. I had heard that our homegrown C919 would soon begin international service, but I never expected it would be this very flight," Zhang told the Global Times on Wednesday. "I feel incredibly proud and excited."
From its maiden flight in Shanghai in 2017, when its first takeoff had many watching with bated breath, to its first scheduled international commercial service today, the C919's journey reflects China's sustained push to build up its capabilities in advanced aviation manufacturing.
In recent years, China's top-level policies have strongly supported the development of high-end manufacturing. As the nation enters the opening year of the 15th Five-Year Plan period (2026-30), Chinese high-end manufacturing is increasingly translating technological breakthroughs into globally competitive products and solutions to contribute more broadly to industrial development and connectivity worldwide, Chinese experts noted.
And the C919 program is one of China's most ambitious endeavors to push the frontiers of high-end manufacturing.
The C919 is China's first self-developed trunk jetliner in accordance with international airworthiness standards and registered with independent intellectual property rights, according to the Xinhua News Agency on Wednesday.
Industry experts said the C919's progress reflects the rapid advance of China's broader manufacturing capabilities. Only a handful of countries are capable of developing single-aisle mainline passenger jets, and even fewer can bring a certified aircraft into commercial service.
The C919 aircraft's biggest achievement is that China has built the capability to take a large passenger jet from the drawing board all the way to a certified commercial product, covering overall design, airframe manufacturing, system integration and airworthiness approval, Wang Ya'nan, editor-in-chief of Beijing-based Aerospace Knowledge magazine, told the Global Times on Wednesday.
Much of the aircraft's design, major structural manufacturing and key systems are completed in China. He said this marks a significant step forward in China's civil aviation manufacturing capability, placing the country among the few able to develop a modern trunk-line jet and bring it into commercial service. Its expanding operations now represent the next stage of that progress, he added.
As of Monday, the C919 aircraft had served 57 routes linking 25 cities and handled more than 7.5 million passenger trips, said the Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China (Comac), the jet developer, according to Xinhua.
However, the C919 still faces intense competition in a global market dominated by established players. Experts said, however, that its competitiveness could continue to strengthen as operational experience grows and China accelerates indigenous development of key components and systems.
The UK-based aviation industry publication Airline Economics noted on July 13 that Malaysia Airlines continues to consider Comac's C919 as a future fleet option, but Western regulatory certification remains a key requirement before the carrier would consider operating the Chinese narrowbody.
This has also brought into sharper focus the dual considerations of certification and market demand among potential international customers for the C919, as Wang said this is precisely why the C919's continued expansion into new routes and markets matters.
As cross-border services expand, the C919 will also need to move closer to international operating standards by building a support network that goes beyond its domestic maintenance system to cover the full cycle of international operations, including regulatory coordination, overseas maintenance facilities and spare-parts logistics, Han Tao, an expert with China's civil aviation think tank, told the Global Times on Wednesday.
Strengthening these capabilities will be crucial to supporting more international routes and meeting the standards and operational needs of potential overseas customers, Han said.
Meanwhile, industry observers noted that China is also stepping up efforts to advance key components and systems for large commercial aircraft, an area that remains a major challenge for most countries' aviation industries, with mature capabilities still largely concentrated in the US, the UK and France.
Pushing boundaries, sharing opportunities
As the C919 flies farther, it is carrying with it not only China's advances in high-end manufacturing, but a broader story of how Chinese innovation is moving from breakthroughs at home to new possibilities shared with the world.
Underpinning that shift is China's expanding advanced manufacturing capacity and increasingly complete industrial ecosystem, which are helping turn technological breakthroughs into scalable products, a Chinese expert said.
China is upgrading its traditional industrial base while cultivating new sectors that could shape future competitiveness, seeking to move beyond scale and cost advantages toward a more innovation-driven industrial model, injecting new impetus into the country's high-quality development, according to Xinhua's another report on July 21.
The nation's 15th Five-Year Plan underscores the development of a modernized industrial system with advanced manufacturing as its backbone, the report said.
China's vast and diverse market provides advanced manufacturing with something equally important as technological capability: abundant real-world scenarios for testing, refinement and commercialization, Bian Yongzu, executive deputy editor-in-chief of Modernization of Management magazine.
This helps turn breakthroughs into mature, scalable products more quickly. Over the longer term, he said, advanced manufacturing will strengthen China's competitiveness by combining stronger industrial capabilities with complete supply chains and global cooperation, allowing more Chinese technologies, products and solutions to reach international markets, Bian said.
Aviation manufacturing, as a key pillar of high-end manufacturing, is benefiting from this broader push toward industrial upgrading and technological innovation.
At the fourth China International Supply Chain Expo held in Beijing in June, a complete aviation industry innovation chain stands out, spanning aviation materials, core forgings and low-altitude economy applications, drawing widespread attention to the participating companies, Xinhua reported.
Bian said that a complex project such as the C919 can drive coordinated upgrades across advanced materials, precision equipment, core components, system integration, logistics and skilled talent. In this sense, building a large commercial aircraft is a comprehensive test of a country's industrial depth, supply-chain coordination, and ability to turn sophisticated technologies into reliable commercial products.
。 这是记者11日从生态环境部获悉的。 这份规划还提出“十五五”时期的多项具体目标，包括自然保护地陆域面积占陆域国土面积比例不低于18%，生态质量指数（EQI）提升到86.5，水土保持率达到74%以上，森林覆盖率达到25.8%。 规划提出，持续优化生态空间格局，明确生态保护与修复监管重点区域基本覆盖生态保护红线、自然保护地、重要生态功能区、国家重点生态功能区、生物多样性保护优先区域及“三北”工程区等。 在统筹推进生态系统保护与修复方面，规划部署了推行自然生态系统休养生息，推进生态系统修复和提升城乡生态宜居品质三方面任务。规划对草原、森林、河湖、湿地等保护作出规定，并提出加强原生荒漠保护，推进冰川雪山冻土系统保护，加强典型海洋生态系统保护，严格管控围填海等。
B | 同时，规划要求完善城市绿地系统，推动公园绿地开放共享，加强城市湿地生态和水环境修复，加强农村小微水体水环境治理，保护乡村山体田园、河湖湿地原生风貌，深入实施乡村绿化美化，优先采用乡土树种。
C | 规划还部署了全面加强生物多样性保护、强化生态质量监测评估、严格生态保护监督执法、健全生态保护保障体系、深入推进生态文明示范建设等任务。
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